Hornet vs Yellow Jacket: What’s the Difference?

Understanding the distinctions between stinging insects is crucial, especially when considering the potential risks they pose; for example, pest control companies often receive calls concerning wasp and bee identification, highlighting a common confusion between various species. Entomologists at universities such as the University of California, Riverside, conduct studies that reveal detailed taxonomic differences, marking attributes like nesting habits and physical characteristics. Furthermore, resources like the "Insect Identification: Field Guide" provide accessible information that details the observable traits of these insects, aiding in accurate categorization. To clarify what’s the difference between a hornet and a yellow jacket, a careful examination of their morphology, behavior, and habitat is required, especially for homeowners and outdoor enthusiasts keen on differentiating them.

Decoding the Buzz: Hornets and Yellow Jackets Demystified

Within the vast insect realm, the Hymenoptera order stands out, encompassing a diverse array of creatures from industrious ants to vital pollinators like bees. Nestled within Hymenoptera is the Vespidae family, a group that includes wasps, hornets, and yellow jackets. Understanding the nuances within this family, particularly the distinctions between hornets and yellow jackets, is paramount for both ecological awareness and personal safety.

A Family Affair: Hymenoptera and Vespidae

Hymenoptera, characterized by their membranous wings, represents one of the largest insect orders. The Vespidae family, a subset of Hymenoptera, groups together social wasps known for their structured colonies and, in some cases, potent stings.

The Vespidae are predaceous insects that live in colonies, from a few individuals to thousands. Their colonies are headed by queens, which are solely responsible for breeding.

Hornets vs. Yellow Jackets: Untangling the Confusion

While often mistaken for one another, hornets and yellow jackets belong to different genera within the Vespidae family. True hornets fall under the Vespa genus, while yellow jackets are classified within the Vespula and Dolichovespula genera. This seemingly subtle distinction translates to noticeable differences in appearance, nesting habits, and behavior.

Identifying between these two, however, is key to keeping your distance and protecting yourself from stings.

For example, hornets generally tend to be larger than yellow jackets.

Moreover, they also sport different nesting habits.

Why Differentiation Matters

Distinguishing between hornets and yellow jackets extends beyond mere taxonomic curiosity. It’s crucial for several reasons:

• Risk Assessment: Hornets and yellow jackets exhibit varying levels of aggression and defensive behavior. Knowing which you’re dealing with allows for a more informed assessment of potential risks.
• Effective Management: Pest management strategies differ depending on the species. Accurate identification is essential for implementing appropriate and effective control measures.
• Medical Implications: While both can sting, the venom composition and potential allergic reactions may vary slightly. Proper identification aids in informing medical professionals during treatment.

Ultimately, understanding the biology and behavior of hornets and yellow jackets empowers individuals to coexist safely with these insects, while also promoting responsible stewardship of the environment. This knowledge forms the foundation for informed decision-making, from preventing unwanted encounters to implementing targeted pest management solutions.

Decoding the Buzz: Hornets and Yellow Jackets Demystified

Within the vast insect realm, the Hymenoptera order stands out, encompassing a diverse array of creatures from industrious ants to vital pollinators like bees. Nestled within Hymenoptera is the Vespidae family, a group that includes wasps, hornets, and yellow jackets. Understanding the nuances that distinguish hornets from yellow jackets is crucial, especially for safety and effective pest management. This section will delve into the key morphological characteristics that set these insects apart, providing a detailed guide for accurate identification.

Hornet Identification: Unveiling the Vespa Genus

Hornets, belonging to the Vespa genus, possess distinct physical traits that differentiate them from their yellow jacket cousins. Generally, hornets are larger than yellow jackets, often exhibiting a robust build.

Coloration varies within the genus, but a common characteristic is the presence of brown or reddish-orange hues in addition to the typical black and yellow patterns.

The European Hornet: A Closer Look at Vespa crabro

The European Hornet (Vespa crabro), one of the most well-known species, serves as a prime example for understanding hornet morphology. These hornets typically measure between 2.5 to 3.5 cm in length, making them significantly larger than most yellow jackets.

Their bodies display a combination of yellow and brown markings, with a predominantly brown or reddish-orange head and thorax.

A Word of Caution: The Asian Giant Hornet

While the Asian Giant Hornet (Vespa mandarinia) often captures public attention, it’s important to note its limited distribution in certain regions. Identifying this species requires careful consideration of its size—reaching up to 5 cm in length—and its distinctive orange head. However, it’s crucial to confirm its presence within your specific geographic area before making an identification.

Yellow Jacket Identification: Exploring Vespula and Dolichovespula

Yellow jackets, classified under the Vespula and Dolichovespula genera, present a different set of identifying characteristics. These wasps are generally smaller than hornets and exhibit a more streamlined body shape.

Their coloration predominantly consists of bright yellow and black bands, creating a stark contrast.

Common Species: German and Eastern Yellow Jackets

The German Yellowjacket (Vespula germanica) and the Eastern Yellowjacket (Vespula maculifrons) are two prevalent species. The German Yellowjacket is often found nesting in walls and cavities, while the Eastern Yellowjacket commonly builds its nests underground.

Both species share a similar appearance, characterized by their distinct yellow and black stripes and relatively small size (around 1.2 cm).

The Bald-faced Hornet: A Case of Misidentification

The Bald-faced Hornet (Dolichovespula maculata) often causes confusion due to its name. Despite being called a "hornet," this species is actually a type of yellow jacket.

Distinguishing it from true hornets is essential. The Bald-faced Hornet exhibits black and white (or ivory) markings, lacks the brown coloration seen in European Hornets, and typically builds aerial nests.

Visual Aids: Enhancing Identification Accuracy

To further aid in accurate identification, incorporating visual aids is invaluable. High-quality photographs or detailed diagrams showcasing the morphological differences between hornets and yellow jackets can significantly improve identification skills.

These visuals should highlight key features, such as body size, coloration patterns, and head shape, allowing for a more confident assessment.

Decoding the Buzz: Hornets and Yellow Jackets Demystified
Within the vast insect realm, the Hymenoptera order stands out, encompassing a diverse array of creatures from industrious ants to vital pollinators like bees. Nestled within Hymenoptera is the Vespidae family, a group that includes wasps, hornets, and yellow jackets. Understanding the nuanced behaviors and ecological roles of these insects is crucial to coexisting safely and effectively managing their presence in our environment.

Behavior and Ecology: Inside the Hornet and Yellow Jacket World

The lives of hornets and yellow jackets are intricately woven into the ecosystems they inhabit. Their behavior, driven by survival and reproduction, is deeply connected to their nesting habits, dietary choices, and defense strategies. Understanding these aspects provides insights into how they interact with the environment and with us.

Nesting Habits: Architecture and Social Structure

Nesting is a central aspect of hornet and yellow jacket life, dictating their social structure and reproductive success. The nests themselves are marvels of insect architecture, built with meticulous care and precision.

Construction and Location

Hornets and yellow jackets construct their nests from chewed wood fibers, mixed with saliva, creating a paper-like material. The location of these nests varies depending on the species. Hornets generally prefer aerial nests, often building them in trees, shrubs, or under eaves.

Yellow jackets, on the other hand, are more versatile, establishing nests both above and below ground, including in wall voids, rodent burrows, and compost piles. The choice of location depends on available resources and protection from the elements.

Colony Size and Social Hierarchy

Hornet and yellow jacket colonies are highly organized societies, with a clear division of labor. At the top of the hierarchy is the queen, the sole reproductive female responsible for laying all the eggs. Worker wasps, all sterile females, perform a variety of tasks, including nest building, foraging, and defense.

Colony size varies greatly depending on the species and environmental conditions. Some colonies may contain only a few dozen individuals, while others can grow to thousands. The social structure within the nest is maintained through chemical signals and behavioral interactions, ensuring the smooth functioning of the colony.

Diet and Foraging: Sustaining the Colony

The dietary habits of hornets and yellow jackets are diverse, reflecting their opportunistic nature and their role as both predators and scavengers. Their foraging behavior is driven by the nutritional needs of the colony, particularly the developing larvae.

Food Sources

Adult hornets and yellow jackets primarily feed on sugars, such as nectar, honeydew, and fruit juices. However, they also require protein to feed their larvae. This protein is obtained by hunting insects, spiders, and other arthropods. Yellow jackets are also known to scavenge for carrion and human food, which often brings them into conflict with people.

Hunting and Foraging Strategies

Hornets and yellow jackets are skilled hunters, using their powerful mandibles and stingers to subdue prey. They employ various foraging strategies, including actively searching for prey, ambushing unsuspecting victims, and scavenging for food scraps. Their foraging behavior is influenced by environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and the availability of food resources.

Aggression and Defensiveness: Protecting the Colony

Hornets and yellow jackets are known for their aggressive behavior, particularly when they perceive a threat to their nest. Their defensiveness is a crucial survival mechanism, ensuring the protection of their colony from predators and other dangers.

Factors Influencing Aggression

Several factors can influence the aggressive behavior of hornets and yellow jackets. Proximity to the nest is a primary trigger, as they are highly protective of their offspring and resources. Vibrations, loud noises, and sudden movements near the nest can also provoke an attack.

The time of year also plays a role, with aggression typically increasing as the colony grows and resources become scarcer.

Defensive Mechanisms

The primary defensive mechanism of hornets and yellow jackets is their stinger, which they use to inject venom into their attackers. Unlike honeybees, hornets and yellow jackets can sting multiple times without dying.

In addition to stinging, they also release alarm pheromones, chemical signals that alert other members of the colony to the presence of a threat, prompting them to join the attack. Understanding these defensive mechanisms is essential for avoiding stings and minimizing the risk of conflict.

Venom and Stings: Understanding the Medical Implications

Having differentiated hornets and yellow jackets based on physical characteristics and behavior, it is crucial to address the medical implications of their stings. The venom injected during a sting can trigger a range of reactions, from localized pain to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Understanding the composition of the venom and the potential medical consequences is essential for effective first aid and risk management.

Venom Composition and Properties

Hornet and yellow jacket venom is a complex cocktail of proteins, enzymes, and other compounds designed to inflict pain and defend the colony. While the exact composition varies slightly between species, certain key components are consistently present.

• Toxins: The venom contains toxins such as phospholipase A1 and hyaluronidase, which contribute to tissue damage and inflammation. These enzymes break down cell membranes and connective tissues, facilitating the spread of the venom and intensifying the pain.

• Allergens: Specific proteins within the venom act as potent allergens. These proteins trigger an immune response in sensitized individuals, leading to allergic reactions. Common allergens include antigen 5 and phospholipase.

It’s important to note that the quantity of venom injected varies depending on factors such as the size of the insect, the duration of the sting, and the individual’s sensitivity.

Medical Significance of Stings

The medical effects of hornet and yellow jacket stings range from mild local reactions to severe systemic responses.

Local Reactions

A typical local reaction involves immediate pain, redness, and swelling at the sting site. The pain usually subsides within a few hours, while the swelling and redness may persist for a day or two. These reactions are caused by the direct effects of the venom on the surrounding tissues.

Systemic Effects

In some individuals, stings can trigger systemic effects that extend beyond the sting site. These effects may include hives, itching, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dizziness. Systemic reactions indicate a more widespread immune response to the venom.

• Toxic Reactions: While rare, envenomation from multiple stings can result in severe systemic toxic effects. These envenomations can cause symptoms similar to allergic reactions. Such reactions are usually attributed to high concentrations of the venom.

Allergies and Anaphylaxis

For individuals with allergies, hornet and yellow jacket stings can be life-threatening. Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapid-onset allergic reaction that affects multiple organ systems.

Recognizing Anaphylaxis

Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include:

• Difficulty breathing or wheezing
• Swelling of the throat or tongue
• Hives or generalized itching
• Dizziness or loss of consciousness
• Rapid heartbeat
• Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea

Immediate medical attention is crucial for anaphylaxis. Epinephrine auto-injectors (EpiPens) are often prescribed to individuals with known insect allergies. It delivers a measured dose of epinephrine, which can counteract the effects of anaphylaxis.

Emergency Treatment (EpiPen)

Epinephrine works by constricting blood vessels, relaxing airway muscles, and reversing other effects of anaphylaxis. It is essential to administer epinephrine promptly at the first sign of anaphylaxis. Following epinephrine administration, seek immediate medical care.

• Always call emergency services.
• Even after the injection.
• Further monitoring is crucial.

Pest Management: Prevention and Control Strategies

Having addressed the potential medical implications of hornet and yellow jacket stings, it’s essential to discuss effective pest management strategies. An integrated approach, emphasizing prevention and safe control techniques, is crucial for minimizing risks and managing populations of these stinging insects. This section delves into the principles of integrated pest management (IPM) and provides practical guidance on preventive measures, nest removal, responsible pesticide use, and safety precautions.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategies

IPM is a decision-making process that uses all suitable pest management strategies and methods to prevent pests from reaching damaging levels. The goal of IPM is to manage pest populations while minimizing risks to human health, non-target organisms, and the environment.

This approach prioritizes:

• Monitoring and identification of pests.
• Establishing action thresholds.
• Implementing preventive measures.
• Using targeted control methods.
• Evaluating the effectiveness of treatments.

Pest Control Methods: A Multi-faceted Approach

Effective pest control requires a combination of strategies tailored to the specific situation. A single method rarely provides a long-term solution.

Preventive Measures: Reducing Attractants

Prevention is the cornerstone of IPM. By reducing attractants and entry points, you can significantly decrease the likelihood of hornet and yellow jacket infestations.

• Seal cracks and crevices: Inspect your home’s foundation, siding, and around pipes for any openings. Seal these with caulk or other appropriate materials to prevent entry.
• Cover food and trash: Keep food properly stored in airtight containers. Secure garbage cans with tight-fitting lids and clean up spills immediately.
• Remove standing water: Eliminate sources of standing water, such as bird baths, puddles, and containers, as these can attract insects.
• Keep outdoor eating areas clean: Wipe down tables and surfaces after meals, and promptly remove leftover food.
• Consider planting deterrents: Certain plants, like mint and lemongrass, are believed to repel stinging insects. While their effectiveness is debated, they may contribute to a comprehensive approach.

Nest Removal: Proceed with Extreme Caution

Nest removal can be a dangerous undertaking and should only be attempted if you are confident in your abilities and equipped with the necessary protective gear. If you are unsure or have any concerns, it is best to consult with a professional pest control service.

• Timing matters: Nests are generally less active at night, making it a potentially safer time for removal. However, visibility is reduced, increasing other risks.
• Protective gear is essential: Wear thick, light-colored protective clothing that covers your entire body, including gloves, a hat, and eye protection.
• Use appropriate tools: A bee suit provides the best protection. If one isn’t available, layer clothing and ensure there are no gaps.
• Avoid disturbing the nest: Sudden movements and loud noises can provoke the insects.
• Consider professional help: For large or difficult-to-reach nests, or if you are allergic to stings, professional removal is the safest option.

Responsible Pesticide Use: A Last Resort

Pesticides should be used as a last resort, only when other methods have failed or are not feasible.

• Identify the pest: Ensure you are using a pesticide specifically formulated for hornets or yellow jackets.
• Read and follow label instructions: Carefully read and adhere to all instructions on the pesticide label.
• Apply at the right time: Apply pesticides when the insects are most active, typically during daylight hours.
• Use appropriate equipment: Use a sprayer designed for applying pesticides. Wear protective clothing and eye protection.
• Minimize environmental impact: Avoid spraying near water sources or flowering plants. Be mindful of the potential harm to beneficial insects.
• Store pesticides safely: Store pesticides in a secure location, out of reach of children and pets.

Safety Precautions: Protecting Yourself

When dealing with hornets and yellow jackets, safety should always be your top priority.

• Wear protective clothing: As mentioned earlier, protective clothing is essential.
• Avoid sudden movements: Hornets and yellow jackets are more likely to sting if they feel threatened.
• Be aware of your surroundings: Watch for nests in trees, shrubs, and around buildings.
• Avoid attracting them: Do not wear sweet-smelling perfumes or brightly colored clothing.
• If stung, seek medical attention: If you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction, seek immediate medical attention.

By implementing these pest management strategies and prioritizing safety, you can effectively control hornet and yellow jacket populations and minimize the risk of stings. Remember that a combination of prevention, careful removal techniques, and responsible pesticide use is the most effective approach.

Public Health: Minimizing Risks and Seeking Help

Having addressed the potential medical implications of hornet and yellow jacket stings, it’s essential to discuss effective strategies for minimizing risks and seeking appropriate help. This section focuses on public health and safety, providing guidance on first aid for stings, recognizing when professional medical attention is needed, and understanding the crucial role of pest control companies in managing infestations.

Understanding the Risks of Hornet and Yellow Jacket Stings

Hornet and yellow jacket stings pose varying levels of risk to the general population. While most individuals experience localized reactions, a significant percentage is susceptible to more severe systemic reactions, including potentially life-threatening anaphylaxis.

The degree of risk depends on several factors, including the individual’s sensitivity to the venom, the number of stings received, and the species of stinging insect involved.

Moreover, the location of the sting can influence the severity of the reaction, with stings near the head and neck posing a greater risk of airway obstruction.

First Aid and Immediate Response

Prompt and appropriate first aid is crucial in managing hornet and yellow jacket stings.

The initial steps should focus on:

• Cleaning the Sting Site: Gently wash the area with soap and water to prevent secondary infection.
• Applying a Cold Compress: This helps to reduce swelling and pain.
• Antihistamines: Over-the-counter antihistamines can alleviate itching and mild allergic symptoms.

Individuals with known allergies should carry an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) and administer it immediately if symptoms of anaphylaxis develop.

Recognizing When to Seek Professional Medical Attention

While most stings can be managed with basic first aid, it is crucial to recognize the signs and symptoms that warrant immediate medical attention.

These include:

• Signs of Allergic Reaction: Hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, dizziness, or loss of consciousness.
• Multiple Stings: Receiving a large number of stings can overwhelm the body and lead to toxic reactions.
• Persistent Symptoms: If symptoms such as severe pain, swelling, or redness persist or worsen after several days, seek medical advice.

The Role of Pest Control Companies

Pest control companies play a crucial role in managing hornet and yellow jacket infestations, particularly when nests are located in or near human dwellings. While DIY methods may seem appealing, they often carry significant risks.

When Professional Help is Necessary

Professional pest control services are advisable in the following situations:

• Large or Difficult-to-Reach Nests: Nests that are large, located in walls, underground, or in other inaccessible areas.
• High Levels of Activity: A significant number of hornets or yellow jackets around a property indicates a substantial nest nearby, requiring professional intervention.
• Allergies: Individuals with known allergies should not attempt to remove nests themselves.
• Lack of Experience: Inexperienced individuals may inadvertently provoke the insects, leading to stings.

Ethical Considerations

When selecting a pest control company, ensure they are licensed, insured, and employ environmentally responsible practices. Discuss the treatment options, potential risks, and any necessary precautions before proceeding.

Invasive Species: Ecological Impact and Control

Having addressed the potential medical implications of hornet and yellow jacket stings, it’s essential to discuss effective strategies for minimizing risks and seeking appropriate help. This section focuses on public health and safety, providing guidance on first aid for stings, recognizing when professional medical attention is needed, and the role of pest control companies.

The introduction of non-native species can disrupt delicate ecological balances, and certain hornets are prime examples of this phenomenon.

This section delves into the significant ecological consequences of invasive hornet species, exploring the measures employed to control their proliferation and safeguard native ecosystems.

The Ecological Footprint of Invasive Hornets

Invasive hornets, particularly the Asian hornet (Vespa velutina) in Europe and potential threats like the Asian giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia) in North America, pose substantial risks to biodiversity and ecosystem stability.

Their impact stems primarily from two key factors: predation and competition.

Predation Pressure on Native Insects

These hornets are highly efficient predators, often targeting native insect populations, including beneficial pollinators like honeybees.

The mass predation of honeybees can have cascading effects on agriculture and wild plant reproduction, leading to reduced crop yields and altered plant community structures.

Beyond honeybees, invasive hornets prey on a wide range of other insects, disrupting food webs and potentially driving vulnerable species towards local extinction. This can lead to a simplification of ecosystems, reducing their resilience to other environmental stressors.

Competition for Resources

Invasive hornets also compete with native insect species for limited resources, such as nectar, pollen, and nesting sites.

This competition can further exacerbate the negative impacts of predation, placing additional stress on native insect populations already struggling with habitat loss, climate change, and pesticide exposure.

The combined effects of predation and competition can create a "perfect storm" for native insect communities, leading to long-term declines in biodiversity and ecosystem function.

Strategies for Control and Prevention

Combating the spread and impact of invasive hornets requires a multi-pronged approach, integrating proactive prevention measures with targeted control strategies.

Early Detection and Rapid Response

Early detection is paramount. Monitoring programs, often involving citizen scientists, are crucial for identifying new infestations before they become widespread.

Once an invasive hornet population is detected, a rapid response is essential to prevent further establishment and spread. This may involve intensive trapping efforts, nest destruction, and public education campaigns.

Targeted Trapping and Nest Destruction

Trapping can be an effective method for reducing invasive hornet populations, particularly when targeted at specific life stages, such as queens emerging from hibernation.

Nest destruction, usually carried out by trained professionals, is another critical component of control efforts. Locating and destroying nests can significantly reduce the reproductive potential of invasive hornet populations.

Public Awareness and Education

Public awareness campaigns play a crucial role in preventing the spread of invasive hornets and promoting responsible management practices.

Educating the public about the identification of invasive species, the risks they pose, and the importance of reporting sightings can empower individuals to become active participants in control efforts.

Responsible beekeeping practices, such as hive monitoring and preventative measures to protect colonies from hornet attacks, are also essential.

Biocontrol and Long-Term Management

While trapping and nest destruction can provide short-term control, long-term management may require the development and implementation of biocontrol strategies.

This could involve the introduction of natural enemies of invasive hornets, such as parasites or pathogens, that can help regulate their populations without harming native species. However, careful research and risk assessment are essential before introducing any new biocontrol agent to ensure it does not have unintended consequences for the ecosystem.

The fight against invasive hornets is an ongoing challenge that requires sustained effort, innovation, and collaboration among scientists, policymakers, and the public. Protecting native ecosystems from the threats posed by these invasive species is essential for maintaining biodiversity and ensuring the long-term health of our planet.

Resources and Further Information: Expanding Your Knowledge

Having examined the ecological impact of invasive hornet species and the measures being taken to control their spread, it’s only natural to seek more comprehensive resources for deeper understanding. This section will provide a curated list of valuable materials for readers eager to expand their knowledge of hornets and yellow jackets, including identification guides, online databases, and connections to professional organizations.

Insect Identification Guides: Distinguishing Fact from Fiction

Accurate identification is the cornerstone of effective pest management and personal safety. Numerous resources are available to aid in the correct identification of hornets, yellow jackets, and their look-alikes.

Printed Guides: Field guides, published by universities and reputable scientific organizations, often provide detailed descriptions, illustrations, and distribution maps.

Consider titles like the National Audubon Society Field Guide to Insects and Spiders or region-specific guides from your local university extension.

Online Resources: Websites like BugGuide.net and university entomology departments often host extensive image galleries and interactive identification keys.

However, exercise caution when using online resources, verifying the information against multiple reputable sources.

Navigating Online Resources and Databases: A World of Entomological Data

The internet offers a wealth of information on hornets and yellow jackets, but sifting through it requires discernment.

Entomology Websites: Sites maintained by entomological societies, government agencies (like the USDA), and research institutions are excellent sources of peer-reviewed information.

These typically offer species profiles, life cycle details, and control recommendations.

University Extension Services: Many universities have extension services that provide locally relevant information on pest management and identification.

Their websites often feature fact sheets, articles, and even videos tailored to specific regions.

Data Quality and Validity: Always prioritize sources that cite their references and have a clear editorial review process. Be wary of websites with unsubstantiated claims or commercial biases.

Connecting with Professional Organizations and Experts: Gaining Insight from the Field

For those seeking in-depth knowledge or expert advice, connecting with professional organizations is an invaluable step.

Entomological Societies: Organizations like the Entomological Society of America (ESA) connect researchers, educators, and practitioners.

Their websites often have resources for the public, and membership can provide access to journals and conferences.

Pest Control Associations: National and regional pest control associations can connect you with certified professionals who have experience in managing hornet and yellow jacket infestations.

Direct Consultation: In complex cases, consider consulting with a board-certified entomologist or experienced pest control operator for tailored advice and assistance. Always verify their credentials and experience before engaging their services.

So, there you have it! Hopefully, you now have a better understanding of what’s the difference between a hornet and a yellow jacket. While both can be a nuisance, knowing what you’re dealing with can help you stay safe and maybe even appreciate these fascinating, if sometimes scary, insects from a safe distance. Good luck out there!